authors: Sandra Castro, Serafina Paladino, Aron D, Lynn Felicia Mbeiza
translation: Selina Zhao
Italy's Independence Day
意大利独立日
It was difficult to choose one particular day or celebration that represents Italian independence in its entirety, and so I have decided to focus on Liberation Day, referred to as "Festa della liberazione" in Italy. Liberation Day, also known as the Anniversary of the Resistance, is celebrated annually on April 25th to commemorate the end of the fascist regime under Mussolini as well as the Nazi occuption that Italians were subjected to during World War II. This celebration stands as an important moment in history that should not be forgotten in the light of the rise of far-right extremism in Europe and the rest of the world. Even if you are not from Italy, I view the nation's independence day as one that commemorates a victory that is universal for the preservation of freedom and democracy in contemporary times.
很难选择一个特别的日期或者是特别重要的日期去说明意大利完全独立，所以我决定来说意大利解放日，在意大利被叫做"Festa della liberazione"。意大利纪念日也叫抵抗运动纪念日，是在每年4月25举行。是为了纪念法西斯政权的结束，以及在二战期间，意大利人民遭受纳粹的欺压。这个纪念日是历史性时刻，所以不能被遗忘，尤其对于那些欧洲极端主义国家以及世界上的其他国家。即使你不是意大利人，我也觉得这个国家的独立日是为了纪念当代维护自由和民主的普遍性。
Brazil's Independence Day
巴西独立日
In the year of 1822, on September 7th, the Independence of Brazil was declared. Until then considered the Kingdom, and belonging to the Portuguese Kingdom, Brazil and its economic elite diverged from Portugal in what is judged to be free trade interests, which led the Prince Regent of Brazil, D. Pedro I, to declare independence in Brazil. Independent Brazil bulletin structured itself as a monarchy, with D Pedro I being crowned Emperor of Brazil.
1822年9月7日，巴西宣布独立。在那之前，巴西是被认为属于葡萄牙的。巴西及其经济精英在被认为是利益方面与葡萄牙分道扬镳，这也导致巴西摄政王d·佩德罗一世在巴西宣布独立。
A national holiday in the country, September 7th is celebrated throughout Brazil with public parades of the Brazilian Armed Forces and veterans of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force who fought in World War II.
9月7号是巴西全国性节日。在那天，巴西各地都会举行公开游行，队伍里会有巴西武装部队和参与到二战的巴西远征退伍军人。
The independence of Brazil means the achievement of the Brazilian nation's autonomy in not subordinating itself to the decisions of Portugal.
巴西的独立意味着巴西可以不在属于葡萄牙从而实现自治。
Hungary's Independence Day - June 19, 1991
匈牙利独立日——1991年7月19日
From the perspective of Hungary, World War II had ended in a quite unfortunate way. By 1945 Nazis were driven away from the country by the soviet Red Army, and our country was so-called liberated in a way. However, it only meant that fascism was replaced by a communist regime. This cruel and harsh dictatorial system softened over the years and later Hungary's political system had rather the attributes of socialism than communism. After 44 years of Russian occupation, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the troops of the Red Army began to leave Hungary, which started in March 1990. The last Russian military units were withdrawn on 19, June, 1991. That is the remarkable historical date when, after decades, Hungary was officially declared to be a democratic republic and was no longer on the eastern side of the Iron Curtain.
从匈牙利的角度来说，第二次世界大战以一种不行的方式结束了。直到1945年，纳粹被苏联红军驱逐出了匈牙利，我们国家在某种程度上也解放了。然而，这只是代表法西斯被共产主义所取代。这种严酷残酷的独裁制度随着时间的推移逐渐削弱，后来匈牙利的政治制度更像是社会主义而不是共产主义。在俄国占领的44年后，也就是1990年3月，随着苏联的解体，苏联红军的军队开始离开匈牙利。最后一批俄罗斯军队是在1991年6月19号撤离的。这是个非凡的历史日期，几十年后，匈牙利正式宣布成为一个民主国家，不再是铁幕的东侧。
Uganda's Independence.
乌干达的独立
It was October 9th 1962 when the British union jack was lowered and the Ugandan flag raised for the very first time. It was a day of jubilation as many people gathered at Kololo airstrip to witness the once colonized country become liberated. But how far have we come? What's the real importance of the independence once yearned for?
1962年10月9号当英国国旗降下，乌干达的国旗首次升起。这是个欢庆的日子，许多人聚集在科洛洛机场，见证这个曾经被殖民的国家获得解放的时刻。但是我们走了多远？曾经渴望的独立到底有什么意义？
Independence meant that we'll govern ourselves and to a larger extent yes, we do. But being a third world country means that "independence" may not be fully it. It means we still need to depend on other countries for financial aid for many of our projects.
独立意味着我们要自行管理，在很大程度上是是的，我们做到了。但是作为世界第三国家，独立远远还不够。它意味着在很多项目上，我们仍然需要其他国家在财政上的援助。
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